{"id":99,"date":"2018-05-02T06:26:57","date_gmt":"2018-05-02T06:26:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/themify.me\/demo\/themes\/ultra-photography\/?page_id=6"},"modified":"2021-09-25T01:19:20","modified_gmt":"2021-09-25T01:19:20","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-80 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Running-Hares-2006-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3295\" height=\"2362\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Running-Hares-2006-2.jpg 3295w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Running-Hares-2006-2-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Running-Hares-2006-2-768x551.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Running-Hares-2006-2-1024x734.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3295px) 100vw, 3295px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-99\" data-postid=\"99\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-99 themify_builder\">\n\n    \t\n\t\t<!-- module_row -->\n\t\t<div  class=\"themify_builder_row module_row clearfix repeat fullwidth module_row_0 themify_builder_99_row module_row_99-0\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row_inner col_align_top\" >\n                            \n\t\t<div  class=\"module_column tb-column col-full first tb_99_column module_column_0 module_column_99-0-0\" >\n                                        \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                                <\/div>\n                                <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/module_row -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<!-- module_row -->\n\t\t<div  class=\"themify_builder_row module_row clearfix repeat module_row_1 themify_builder_99_row module_row_99-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row_inner col_align_top direction-rtl\"   data-desktop_dir=\"rtl\" data-tablet_dir=\"rtl\" data-tablet_landscape_dir=\"rtl\">\n                            \n\t\t<div  class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 last tb_99_column module_column_0 module_column_99-1-0\" >\n                                                                <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n                            \n\n    <!-- module image -->\n    <div  id=\"image-99-1-0-0\" class=\"module module-image image-99-1-0-0  image-top   auto_fullwidth\">\n        <!--insert-->\n        \n        <div class=\"image-wrap\">\n                            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Hares-and-Fox-2006-1024x733-604x700.jpg\" width=\"604\" height=\"700\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-19\" alt=\"Hares and Fox 2006\" \/>            \n                        <\/div>\n            <!-- \/image-wrap -->\n        \n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module image -->\n\n\n\n    <div class=\"tb_slider_loader\"><\/div>\n    <div id=\"slider-99-1-0-1\" class=\"module module-slider slider-99-1-0-1 themify_builder_slider_wrap clearfix  slider-overlay  themify_builder_slider_vertical \">\n        <!--insert-->\n                <ul class=\"themify_builder_slider\"\n            data-id=\"slider-99-1-0-1\" \n            data-visible=\"1\" \n            data-mob-visible=\"1\"\n            data-scroll=\"1\" \n            data-auto-scroll=\"off\"\n            data-speed=\"1\"\n            data-wrap=\"yes\"\n            data-arrow=\"yes\"\n            data-pagination=\"yes\"\n            data-effect=\"fade\" \n            data-height=\"variable\" \n            data-pause-on-hover=\"resume\"\n            >\n                    <!-- module slider image -->\n\n                    <li>\n            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\" style=\"margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;\">\n                                    <div class=\"slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-15-1024x702-1404x1100.jpg\" width=\"1404\" height=\"1100\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-355\" alt=\"Running Hares 2006\" \/>                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-image -->\n                \n                                    <div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n                                                    <h3 class=\"slide-title\">\n                                                                    Running Hares 2006                                                            <\/h3>\n                        \n                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-content -->\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/li>\n                    <li>\n            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\" style=\"margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;\">\n                                    <div class=\"slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Diving-Cormorants-2013-side-1024x819-1404x1100.jpg\" width=\"1404\" height=\"1100\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-150\" alt=\"Diving Cormorants 2013\" \/>                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-image -->\n                \n                                    <div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n                                                    <h3 class=\"slide-title\">\n                                                                    Diving Cormorants 2013                                                            <\/h3>\n                        \n                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-content -->\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/li>\n                    <li>\n            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\" style=\"margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;\">\n                                    <div class=\"slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-14-1024x712-1404x1100.jpg\" width=\"1404\" height=\"1100\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-354\" alt=\"Lyrebird 2006\" \/>                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-image -->\n                \n                                    <div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n                                                    <h3 class=\"slide-title\">\n                                                                    Lyrebird 2006                                                            <\/h3>\n                        \n                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-content -->\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/li>\n                    <li>\n            <div class=\"slide-inner-wrap\" style=\"margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;\">\n                                    <div class=\"slide-image\">\n                                                                            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-16-1024x795-1404x1100.jpg\" width=\"1404\" height=\"1100\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-356\" alt=\"Rainforest Birds 2016\" \/>                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-image -->\n                \n                                    <div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n                                                    <h3 class=\"slide-title\">\n                                                                    Rainforest Birds 2016                                                            <\/h3>\n                        \n                                            <\/div><!-- \/slide-content -->\n                            <\/div>\n        <\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n    <\/div>\n        \n                        <\/div>\n                    \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t<div  class=\"module_column tb-column col4-2 first tb_99_column module_column_1 module_column_99-1-1 repeat\" >\n                                                                <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n                            \n\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  id=\"text-99-1-1-0\" class=\"module module-text text-99-1-1-0  repeat  \">\n    <!--insert-->\n    \n        <h3>What is Lustre?<\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n\n\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  id=\"text-99-1-1-1\" class=\"module module-text text-99-1-1-1  repeat  \">\n    <!--insert-->\n    \n        <p>By <em>lustre<\/em>\u00a0I mean reduced pigment or clay paste lustre. Commonly called\u00a0<em>\u201cArabian\u201d<\/em>,\u00a0<em>\u201cPersian\u201d<\/em>, or even <em>&#8220;smoked lustre&#8221;<\/em>, its origins can be traced to the Middle East and the 9th century AD. It is thought that the technology had developed from glass workers who had discovered that metal oxides could be used to stain glass. \u00a0The alkaline and lead based glazes in use at the time in the Middle East were receptive to the formation of\u00a0<em>lustre.<\/em><div><span class=\"more-text\" style=\"display:none\">\n<p>As an expressive medium\u00a0<em>lustre<\/em>\u00a0has defied large scale production methods. \u00a0There are good reasons why this is so. After the pottery has been made and glazed in a conventional way, it must then be subjected to an additional firing that carries a great risk of failure. Cipriano Piccolpasso statement that\u00a0<em>\u201coft times of 100 pieces of ware tried in the fire, scarce 6 are good\u201d<\/em>\u00a0remains as true today as when the statement was made 500 years ago.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>It might be useful to explain the practical side of lustre firing for those interested in exploring the technique. The already glazed and fired pottery is painted with a clay paste pigment and subjected to the right temperature, degree of reduction and duration of firing in this third and most critical firing (the lustre firing). Between 550 to 650 degrees C\u00a0the glaze softens and has become receptive to the formation of lustre. A dull\u00a0red glow \u00a0is now visible in the kiln and well before the discovery of heat measuring equipment, the temperature was determined by eye and firing experience. The ions in the glaze and pigment are now excited and energised by the firing temperature. The kilns atmosphere is reduced and the ions begin to exchange and migrate into the glaze structure. \u00a0The ceramic term \\&#8221;reduction\\&#8221; means that oxygen entering the kiln is cut back (reduced) and is a simple thing to do by closing down the chimney damper. The reduction cycles will vary according to the kiln used for the firing and its size. In a traditional updraft wood kiln in use both by the Islamic world and later during the Renaissance in Italy, a small number of reduction cycles were used (as little as perhaps 2 or 3) whilst in a modern day downdraft wood kiln it maybe upwards of 9 or so reduction cycles. The formation of a red lustre \u00a0(based on copper salts) favours slightly higher temperatures and a longer reduction cycle.<\/p>\n<p>Visible in the illustration from the Piccolpasso manuscript is the sand timer as the kiln firer regulates the cycles and the duration of the firing.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The only true governing factor in determine the correct number of firing cycles is that the firing should end as soon as the lustre colour sought has formed, determined by examining draw trials removed after each reduction cycle.The total duration of these reduction cycles is rarely longer than an hour or so as the lustre pigment is slowly being volatilised away. Too low\u00a0a temperature (the glaze has not softened sufficiently)\u00a0and the clay pigment is easily brushed away to show that no lustre has formed underneath the pigment crust; too high a temperature, or too strong a reduction cycle or a reduction cycle that is too long in duration and the work is ruined as the clay pigment carrier fuses into the glaze and cannot be removed or the pigment has over-fired and darkened.<\/p>\n<p>There is a small window of opportunity when the glaze and pigment (after heating to the right temperature) become receptive and a film of\u00a0<em>lustre<\/em>\u00a0is able to be deposited <em>into<\/em> the glaze.<\/p>\n<p>This type of lustre differs from<em>\u00a0resinate lustre<\/em>\u00a0(an 18th century invention and nowadays the most common form of lustre used on ceramics) where the film of metal is deposited <em>onto<\/em> the glaze and so is easily abraded by wear.<\/p>\n<p>Analysis by electron microscope reveal that\u00a0<em>lustre<\/em>\u00a0forms at a nano level with the transference of ions from the metal oxide pigment into the receptive glaze. The metal oxide on this nano scale is laid down in layers with each reduction cycle, and as light passes through these layers, interference and the refraction of light occurs as it is reflected back through these layers producing the iridescence colours we see in a rainbow. And just as with a rainbow, the colours appear to change as the viewing angle is changed.<\/p>\n<p>To be present at a\u00a0<em>lustre<\/em> firing, when the exit for the flame is closed shut (almost), one sees smoke seeping out of every crack in the kiln, changing from black to white to acrid yellow as the oxygen is stolen from inside the kiln by the reducing atmosphere (see the illustration from Piccolpasso&#8217;s manuscript). The kilns draught is slowed further and if one peers inside, smoke is seen to flow under and over, hovering over depressions of the painted pottery before finally exiting wherever it can from the kiln. It is in these quiet areas of the kiln that the most interesting of colours and iridescence develop.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><em>Lustre<\/em>\u00a0making can\u00a0rightly\u00a0 be described as painting with smoke.<\/p><\/span><\/div><a href=\"#\" class=\"tb-text-more-link module-text-more tb-more-tag\">More <\/a>        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n\n\n<!-- module text -->\n<div  id=\"text-99-1-1-2\" class=\"module module-text text-99-1-1-2  repeat  \">\n    <!--insert-->\n            <h3 class=\"module-title\">A Living Tradition<\/h3>    \n        <p style=\\\"text-align: left;\\\">I think of the journey of lustre as a living tradition, that like a river, may ebb and flow, sometimes seemingly to disappear only to re-appear at some far distant point,\u00a0 but carried ever forward by some unseen force. These forces are creativity and imagination. For when they stall, like a river when its waters begin to slow and stagnate, it awaits the right circumstances to arise again to burst its restrictions and like that river, begin to flow once more.<\/p>\n<p style=\\\"text-align: left;\\\">Lustres origins can be traced to the Islamic world in the 9th century, its knowledge passing from region to region , moving from the Middle East into Europe through Al-Andalus (modern day southern Spain) and even into Renaissance Italy. Lost and then seemingly \\&#8221;re-discovered\\&#8221; elsewhere time and time again. This \\&#8221;re-discovery\\&#8221; of course, has at its core,\u00a0 not only the transmission of past knowledge, processes (or in some cases the migration of potters escaping turmoil or persecution), but also the grafting of native creativity and experimentation,\u00a0 keeping the tradition alive and producing another flowering of imagination.<\/p>\n<p style=\\\"text-align: left;\\\">What mattered then was not so much the handing down of a formula or a glaze recipe, but how the knowledge was used and this remains as true today as in the past.<\/p>        <\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n\n\n    <!-- module buttons -->\n    <div  id=\"buttons-99-1-1-3\" class=\"module module-buttons buttons-99-1-1-3  \">\n        <!--insert-->\n        \n        <div class=\"module-buttons normal transparent squared\">\n                            <div class=\"module-buttons-item  buttons-horizontal\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/lustrepotter.com\" class=\"ui builder_button red\" ><span>Learn more<\/span><\/a>                <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module buttons -->\n\n                        <\/div>\n                    \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                                <\/div>\n                                <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/module_row -->\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<!-- module_row -->\n\t\t<div  class=\"themify_builder_row module_row clearfix repeat fullwidth module_row_2 themify_builder_99_row module_row_99-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"row_inner col_align_top\" >\n                            \n\t\t<div  class=\"module_column tb-column col-full first tb_99_column module_column_0 module_column_99-2-0\" >\n                                                                <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n                            \n\n    <!-- module post -->\n    <div  id=\"portfolio-99-2-0-0\" class=\"module module-portfolio portfolio-99-2-0-0 \">\n        <!--insert-->\n                <div class=\"builder-posts-wrap clearfix loops-wrapper portfolio  grid3 overlay masonry\">\n            \n\n<article id=\"portfolio-105\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-7 post-105 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-1 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-1024x721-440x309.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-349\" alt=\"Untitled-1-9\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-1024x721-440x309.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-1024x721.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-768x541.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-1536x1081.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-2048x1441.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-9-1024x721-390x274.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2021-09-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">09<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2021<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-1\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 1<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017\">Billabong 2017<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n\n\n<article id=\"portfolio-102\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-13 post-102 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-5 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017-2\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-712x1024-440x632.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-340\" alt=\"Untitled-1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-712x1024-440x632.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-712x1024.jpg 712w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-768x1104.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-1068x1536.jpg 1068w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-1425x2048.jpg 1425w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-712x1024-390x560.jpg 390w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-scaled.jpg 1781w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2021-09-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">09<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2021<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-5\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 5<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2017-2\">Lustre bottle 2021<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n\n\n<article id=\"portfolio-122\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-7 post-122 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-1 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-13\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-13\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-1024x703-440x302.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-343\" alt=\"Untitled-1-2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-1024x703-440x302.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-1024x703.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-768x527.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-1536x1055.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-2048x1407.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Untitled-1-2-1024x703-390x267.jpg 390w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2021-09-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">09<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2021<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-1\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 1<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-13\">Grotesque Fish<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n\n\n<article id=\"portfolio-112\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-8 post-112 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-2 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-3\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-3\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-736x1024-440x611.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-374\" alt=\"Siren Ewer-1-2\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-736x1024-440x611.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-216x300.jpg 216w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-736x1024.jpg 736w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-768x1068.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-1105x1536.jpg 1105w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-1473x2048.jpg 1473w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-736x1024-390x542.jpg 390w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/09\/Siren-Ewer-1-2-scaled.jpg 1841w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2021-09-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">09<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2021<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-2\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 2<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-3\">Siren Ewer 2021<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n\n\n<article id=\"portfolio-108\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-7 post-108 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-1 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-15\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-15\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-1024x640-440x275.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-220\" alt=\"Golden-Resting-Roo\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-1024x640-440x275.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-1024x640.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo-1024x640-390x243.jpg 390w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Golden-Resting-Roo.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2018-08-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">08<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2018<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-1\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 1<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-15\">&#8216;Roo in a Golden Landscape 2010<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n\n\n<article id=\"portfolio-107\" class=\"post clearfix portfolio-post cat-8 post-107 portfolio type-portfolio status-publish has-post-thumbnail hentry portfolio-category-gallery-2 has-post-title has-post-date has-post-category has-post-tag has-post-comment has-post-author \">\n\t\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2010-2\" data-post-permalink=\"yes\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/a>\n    \n\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<figure class=\"post-image \">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2010-2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-1024x819-440x352.jpg\" width=\"440\" class=\" wp-post-image wp-image-161\" alt=\"3-Wrens-Bowl\" srcset=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-1024x819-440x352.jpg 440w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-300x240.jpg 300w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-768x614.jpg 768w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-1024x819.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl-1024x819-390x312.jpg 390w, https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/3-Wrens-Bowl.jpg 1250w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 440px) 100vw, 440px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"post-content\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-table\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-row\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"disp-cell valignmid\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-date-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<time class=\"post-date entry-date updated\" datetime=\"2018-08-01\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"day\">01<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"month\">08<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"year\">2018<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/time>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"post-meta entry-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"post-category\"><a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio-category=gallery-2\" rel=\"tag\">Gallery 2<\/a> <\/span>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"post-title entry-title\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/?portfolio=gallery-2010-2\">Three Wrens 2010<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"entry-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div><!-- \/.entry-content -->\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-cell -->\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-row -->\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/.disp-table -->\n\t\t\n\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/.post-content -->\n\n\t<\/article>\n<!-- \/.post -->\n        <\/div><!-- .builder-posts-wrap -->\n                    <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module post -->\n    \n                        <\/div>\n                    \t\t<\/div>\n\t\t                                <\/div>\n                                <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/module_row -->\n\t\t<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Running Hares 2006 Diving Cormorants 2013 Lyrebird 2006 Rainforest Birds 2016 What is Lustre? By lustre\u00a0I mean reduced pigment or clay paste lustre. Commonly called\u00a0\u201cArabian\u201d,\u00a0\u201cPersian\u201d, or even &#8220;smoked lustre&#8221;, its origins can be traced to the Middle East and the 9th century AD. It is thought that the technology had developed from glass workers who [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-99","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=99"}],"version-history":[{"count":69,"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":407,"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/99\/revisions\/407"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/johnkuczwal.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=99"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}